電梯故障防范常識
現(xian)象1 超載鈴聲響，仍有人進入電梯(ti)
一(yi)些住宅小區和商(shang)(shang)業大(da)廈(sha)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)存在載(zai)(zai)人(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)當貨(huo)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)使用(yong)的現象。在黃塘(tang)路(lu)一(yi)商(shang)(shang)業大(da)廈(sha)，一(yi)堆貨(huo)物放(fang)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)前(qian)方(fang)。工作人(ren)員將(jiang)其(qi)中一(yi)箱(xiang)貨(huo)物擋在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)門上，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)把一(yi)箱(xiang)箱(xiang)貨(huo)物往電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)里搬，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)幾次自(zi)動關(guan)門都被箱(xiang)子頂(ding)回(hui)去了。當他(ta)將(jiang)貨(huo)物全(quan)部搬進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)時(shi)，超重的鈴聲(sheng)響了，該工作人(ren)員于是(shi)先走(zou)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，然(ran)后(hou)(hou)再輕手輕腳走(zou)進(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的超重鈴聲(sheng)沒有(you)再響。載(zai)(zai)人(ren)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)當做貨(huo)運電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)使用(yong)，運送建筑(zhu)(zhu)材料(liao)、建筑(zhu)(zhu)垃圾(ji)、家具等，容易出現負(fu)荷(he)過重或垃圾(ji)掉入軌道等危險，從而引發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)故障。超載(zai)(zai)是(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)運行的一(yi)個(ge)重大(da)隱(yin)患，一(yi)般來(lai)說(shuo)，每(mei)臺質(zhi)量(liang)過關(guan)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)都設有(you)超載(zai)(zai)警示開關(guan)，超員會發出警報，但這并不(bu)表明安全(quan)性(xing)達到百(bai)(bai)分之百(bai)(bai)。如果(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)超載(zai)(zai)警示開關(guan)壞了或靈敏度(du)不(bu)夠、線路(lu)板出現問題，一(yi)旦超負(fu)荷(he)市民又沒意識到可能(neng)會出現不(bu)可設想(xiang)的后(hou)(hou)果(guo)。
現象(xiang)2 在電(dian)梯(ti)里蹦跳(tiao)、亂(luan)按按鈕埋(mai)隱患
除了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)超(chao)載以及客梯(ti)(ti)(ti)當(dang)(dang)貨梯(ti)(ti)(ti)用外一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)事故的(de)發(fa)生與(yu)乘客操作不當(dang)(dang)也有(you)(you)(you)關(guan)系(xi)，如市民特(te)別是小孩子亂按電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)按鈕、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)關(guan)門(men)時強(qiang)行擠入等。在(zai)下(xia)埔路一(yi)棟商業大廈(sha)，16樓(lou)乘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)下(xia)去(qu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)里已經基本上(shang)擠滿了(le)人。當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)到達(da)(da)10樓(lou)的(de)時候有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)個人出(chu)去(qu)了(le)，這時奇(qi)怪的(de)事發(fa)生了(le)：當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)門(men)準備(bei)關(guan)上(shang)時，超(chao)重鈴聲(sheng)響了(le)，一(yi)位市民走出(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)然后再躡(nie)手躡(nie)腳走進來，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)超(chao)重的(de)鈴聲(sheng)沒有(you)(you)(you)響了(le)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)到達(da)(da)8樓(lou)又(you)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)個人出(chu)去(qu)，當(dang)(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)門(men)準備(bei)關(guan)上(shang)同樣的(de)事情(qing)發(fa)生了(le)，有(you)(you)(you)市民很有(you)(you)(you)經驗地將剛(gang)剛(gang)的(de)做(zuo)法(fa)重演了(le)一(yi)遍。
對此怪現象，一(yi)(yi)位市民打趣道(dao)：“可能這部(bu)電(dian)梯(ti)在惡作劇。”電(dian)梯(ti)到(dao)(dao)達6樓(lou)，一(yi)(yi)對母子走了(le)進(jin)來，小(xiao)孩子很活潑一(yi)(yi)進(jin)電(dian)梯(ti)就手舞足蹈地跳，使得整個轎廂都(dou)在抖(dou)。小(xiao)孩說到(dao)(dao)了(le)2樓(lou)就出去，然后走樓(lou)梯(ti)下一(yi)(yi)樓(lou)。說著就去按電(dian)梯(ti)的樓(lou)層(ceng)鍵，但是把2樓(lou)、3樓(lou)、4樓(lou)的樓(lou)層(ceng)都(dou)按了(le)。
平時(shi)，有不少人上了電梯后，喜歡故意大力跺腳，甚至蹦(beng)跳。還有人在衣(yi)服(fu)、包被門夾住后，不是摁開門鍵，而是使勁拽(zhuai)。這些都可能引發電梯突然出現故障。
現象3 很(hen)少留意電梯檢驗日期出(chu)現故障不知怎么辦
除(chu)了人為(wei)因(yin)素，一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)梯(ti)維(wei)護保(bao)(bao)養(yang)跟不(bu)上(shang)也(ye)導致電(dian)梯(ti)故障經常發生。為(wei)什么維(wei)護保(bao)(bao)養(yang)會跟不(bu)上(shang)？因(yin)為(wei)一(yi)些(xie)電(dian)梯(ti)使用(yong)單(dan)位(wei)或管理(li)單(dan)位(wei)貪圖便宜，往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)與低(di)價的維(wei)保(bao)(bao)單(dan)位(wei)簽合同(tong)，而(er)這些(xie)維(wei)保(bao)(bao)單(dan)位(wei)沒有(you)完全按照(zhao)國家安(an)全技術規范對電(dian)梯(ti)進行(xing)保(bao)(bao)養(yang)。還有(you)個(ge)別(bie)電(dian)梯(ti)使用(yong)單(dan)位(wei)貪圖便宜，將電(dian)梯(ti)安(an)裝、維(wei)保(bao)(bao)業(ye)務委托給一(yi)些(xie)不(bu)具(ju)備(bei)資質的單(dan)位(wei)或個(ge)體私(si)營企業(ye)，當電(dian)梯(ti)發生故障時往(wang)(wang)往(wang)(wang)一(yi)籌莫展。“電(dian)梯(ti)故障的原(yuan)因(yin)牽涉(she)到(dao)很多方面(mian)，維(wei)保(bao)(bao)單(dan)位(wei)和物業(ye)管理(li)部(bu)門(men)要(yao)嚴格按照(zhao)國家的有(you)關法規規范保(bao)(bao)養(yang)和管理(li)電(dian)梯(ti)，市(shi)民也(ye)要(yao)文明(ming)規范使用(yong)電(dian)梯(ti)。”
在(zai)另一棟商業大廈電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)內，這(zhe)部電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)轎廂(xiang)里既沒有懸掛 《安全檢(jian)驗合格》標志，也(ye)沒有貼上(shang)應急求(qiu)救電(dian)(dian)話號(hao)碼。向旁邊(bian)和自己一起乘(cheng)坐電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)市(shi)(shi)民(min)說起這(zhe)情況，一位(wei)市(shi)(shi)民(min)聳(song)聳(song)肩(jian)說，自己從(cong)未留意過電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)安全檢(jian)驗日期(qi)、急救電(dian)(dian)話之(zhi)類的(de)(de)，“能(neng)乘(cheng)坐就行了，誰會(hui)留意這(zhe)個？”記者(zhe)發現(xian)，抱有這(zhe)種僥幸心理的(de)(de)受訪(fang)者(zhe)不在(zai)少數。一些市(shi)(shi)民(min)對電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)安全知(zhi)(zhi)識(shi)知(zhi)(zhi)之(zhi)甚少，哪(na)怕(pa)是遇到電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)出現(xian)故(gu)障，也(ye)不會(hui)想到打電(dian)(dian)話投訴或(huo)報警，更不知(zhi)(zhi)道該怎么辦。
消(xiao)防提醒：
市民在(zai)乘坐電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)時，一定要看電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)里(li)的(de)《安全檢驗合格》標志是否已過期。出現(xian)關人、溜(liu)梯(ti)(ti)、沖頂(ding)、夾人、傷人等常見故障時切記不(bu)要驚慌，更不(bu)要自行(xing)(xing)扒門(men)。一定要保(bao)持冷(leng)靜，通過警(jing)鈴(ling)、對(dui)講(jiang)系統、移動電(dian)話或(huo)電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)轎廂內的(de)提示(shi)辦法(fa)進行(xing)(xing)求(qiu)援(yuan)；在(zai)救(jiu)援(yuan)人員尚未到達現(xian)場(chang)前不(bu)得撬砸電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)轎廂門(men)或(huo)攀(pan)爬安全窗，甚至將身體的(de)任何(he)部位伸(shen)出轎廂外(wai)。如果無法(fa)與(yu)監(jian)控(kong)中(zhong)心(xin)或(huo)維修(xiu)部門(men)取(qu)得聯(lian)系，被困(kun)人員要繼(ji)續按(an)警(jing)鈴(ling)并大聲呼(hu)救(jiu)，以便與(yu)外(wai)界(jie)取(qu)得聯(lian)系。解救(jiu)過程中(zhong)，被困(kun)者也要配合，將身體貼近(jin)轎廂壁。
電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)突停時,會(hui)不(bu)會(hui)掉下去(qu)？長時間呆(dai)在密閉的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)轎(jiao)廂內，人會(hui)不(bu)會(hui)被(bei)憋死(si)？現在的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)都(dou)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)多種安(an)全防墜裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，如限速器(qi)、安(an)全鉗、坑底緩(huan)沖器(qi)等，遇到緊急情況就會(hui)啟動響應的(de)(de)安(an)全裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置，把電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)卡在電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)槽兩旁的(de)(de)軌道上(shang)，所以不(bu)會(hui)掉下去(qu)。另外，電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)并不(bu)是(shi)密不(bu)透風的(de)(de)，而(er)是(shi)有(you)相應的(de)(de)通(tong)風設備。最后，電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)有(you)很多活動的(de)(de)部(bu)件，一些連接的(de)(de)位(wei)置，比如轎(jiao)壁和轎(jiao)頂的(de)(de)連接處(chu)都(dou)有(you)縫隙，一般來講(jiang)，電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)里的(de)(de)空氣足夠滿足人的(de)(de)呼吸(xi)需要。
相(xiang)關(guan)鏈接：坐電梯有講究(jiu)
電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)管理部門應該規范(fan)電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)管理，重視電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)的日常維護，同樣，乘客正(zheng)確乘坐電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)，對電(dian)梯(ti)(ti)(ti)的安全運(yun)行(xing)同樣至關重要。
1、在呼叫（召喚）電梯時只要按一次即(ji)可，因為(wei)按多(duo)少(shao)次都不(bu)會加(jia)快電梯的速(su)度(du)，反(fan)而(er)更容(rong)易損壞按鈕。更不(bu)要因等待時間(jian)稍長(chang)就去拍打(da)按鈕或門板。
2、當電(dian)梯轎(jiao)(jiao)廂乘客已(yi)滿時，不(bu)要再強行(xing)(xing)(xing)進入轎(jiao)(jiao)廂，否則轎(jiao)(jiao)廂會(hui)因超(chao)載而(er)報警，無(wu)法(fa)啟動，而(er)且可能會(hui)因為(wei)超(chao)載影(ying)響電(dian)梯正常(chang)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)。在電(dian)梯行(xing)(xing)(xing)駛(shi)過程中，不(bu)要去(qu)扒(ba)門，一旦扒(ba)開門縫電(dian)梯就會(hui)緊急(ji)制動，影(ying)響正常(chang)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)。
3、乘客(ke)在轎(jiao)廂(xiang)內，轎(jiao)廂(xiang)無(wu)論因何(he)種原因而停止或不(bu)啟(qi)動(dong)，且不(bu)能(neng)自(zi)動(dong)打開(kai)門(men)，此時乘客(ke)應保持冷靜，不(bu)要(yao)采取(qu)任何(he)過急的(de)行(xing)動(dong)（比(bi)如(ru)，扒(ba)門(men)或撞(zhuang)開(kai)轎(jiao)廂(xiang)天花板上(shang)部的(de)安全窗向外爬等）。正確(que)的(de)做法是要(yao)及時使用轎(jiao)廂(xiang)內的(de)電話(hua)報警，并等待外部專業人員前(qian)來救援。
4、不能(neng)攜帶(dai)汽油、酒精、鞭(bian)炮等(deng)易(yi)(yi)燃易(yi)(yi)爆物品坐(zuo)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)，強(qiang)烈的(de)雷雨(yu)天，沒有緊(jin)急事情(qing)最好暫時不要坐(zuo)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)，高層建筑倘若發生火災(zai)千萬(wan)不可坐(zuo)電(dian)(dian)梯(ti)(ti)下(xia)樓(lou)。